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Active & Passive Voice: Who Does the Action?

Students learn to tell active voice (the subject does the action) from passive voice (the subject receives the action) — and when each is the stronger, clearer choice in their writing.

Grade 8Grammar50 minutes1 class periodReading WorkshopExplicit teaching4 StandardsCommon Core
Start the Lesson
Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Identify active voice.
  • ✓Identify passive voice.
  • ✓Convert between the two.
  • ✓Choose the stronger voice for a purpose.
Essential Question

“The dog chased the ball” vs. “The ball was chased by the dog” — same event, but which is clearer and more direct, and why?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Who Does the Action? · Interactive

Active or Passive?

Project this and sort each sentence into “Active” or “Passive.” Ask: is the subject DOING the action, or RECEIVING it?

⚡ Sort each sentence — active or passive voice?Try it
⚡ Active voice
📥 Passive voice
Tap a sentence, then tap a bucket.
The Lesson · Reading Workshop (Mini-Lesson · Practice · Share)

50 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Connect — Same Event, Two Ways

5 min

“The dog chased the ball” vs. “The ball was chased…” — which is stronger?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Compare the two sentences.
  • Ask which is clearer.
  • Set the goal: active vs. passive.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Compare the sentences.
  • Judge clarity.
  • Predict the difference.
2

Teach — Doer vs. Receiver

12 min

Teacher models.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Active: the subject does the action.
  • Passive: the subject receives it (was/were + past participle).
  • Convert one to the other.

🎒 Student Actions

  • See active.
  • See passive.
  • Convert one.
3

Active Engagement — Sort Together

13 min

Class uses Active or Passive?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Sort each sentence.
  • Find the doer.
  • Spot “was/were + verb + by.”

🎒 Student Actions

  • Sort each one.
  • Find the doer.
  • Spot passive clues.
4

Independent Practice — Independent Practice

15 min

Students analyze voice.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Give sentences to classify.
  • Convert active ↔ passive.
  • Choose the stronger voice.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Classify sentences.
  • Convert them.
  • Choose the best.
5

Share — Share

5 min

Students share a conversion.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Invite an active/passive pair.
  • Explain which is stronger.
  • Hand out the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Share a pair.
  • Explain the choice.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts.

CCSS
L.8.1b

Form and use verbs in the active and passive voice.

CCSS
L.8.1

Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar.

CCSS
L.8.3

Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing.

CCSS
W.8.4

Produce clear and coherent writing appropriate to purpose.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Underline the doer of the action.
  • Sentence frame: “The subject ___ the action — active/passive.”
  • Convert simple sentences.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Look for “was/were + by” as a passive clue.
  • Use short sentences.
  • Sort clear examples.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Explain when passive voice is useful.
  • Revise a paragraph for stronger voice.
  • Spot passive voice in real writing.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 📓Writing notebooks
  • 💻Active or Passive?
  • 📄Sentence strips
  • ✏️Pencils
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

active voicethe subject does the actionpassive voicethe subject receives the actionsubjectwho or what the sentence is aboutverbthe action worddoerthe one performing the actionpast participlea verb form used in passive voicedirectclear and to the pointvoicewhether the subject acts or receives
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
What is the difference between active and passive voice?
In active voice the subject does the action; in passive voice the subject receives the action (using was/were + past participle).
QUESTION 2
Is “The cake was eaten by the kids” active or passive?
Passive.
QUESTION 3
Rewrite “The window was broken by the storm” in active voice.
The storm broke the window.

Going deeper? Revise for strong voice.

Have students revise a passage by changing weak passive sentences into strong active ones, then explain the improvement. A printable revision sheet is in the ELA library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 Active & Passive VoiceFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
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Nice work!

Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 Active & Passive VoiceQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
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Nice work!

Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ Active & Passive VoicePrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: active voice, direct, doer, passive voice, past participle, subject, verb, voice
  1. the one performing the action
  2. who or what the sentence is about
  3. whether the subject acts or receives
  4. the subject does the action
  5. the action word
  6. the subject receives the action
  7. a verb form used in passive voice
  8. clear and to the point

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. What is the difference between active and passive voice?
  2. Is “The cake was eaten by the kids” active or passive?
  3. Rewrite “The window was broken by the storm” in active voice.
Answer key — Part A: 1) doer · 2) subject · 3) voice · 4) active voice · 5) verb · 6) passive voice · 7) past participle · 8) direct
Part B: 1) In active voice the subject does the action; in passive voice the subject receives the action (using was/were + past participle). 2) Passive. 3) The storm broke the window.