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States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas

Second graders learn the three states of matter — solids keep their shape, liquids flow and fill a container, and gases spread out — and how heating and cooling can change matter from one state to another.

Grade 2States of Matter35 minutes1 class period5E ModelExplicit teaching4 StandardsNGSS
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Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Name the three states of matter.
  • ✓Describe solids, liquids, gases.
  • ✓Explain melting and freezing.
  • ✓Sort by state.
Essential Question

Ice, water, and steam are all made of the same thing — water! — yet they act so differently. What are the three states of matter, and how does one become another?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Explore · Interactive

Solid, Liquid, or Gas?

Project each item and have children choose the state of matter. The tool explains solids, liquids, gases, and melting.

🧊 What state of matter is it?Try it
Choose the state of matter for each one.
The Lesson · 5E Instructional Model (Engage · Explore · Explain · Elaborate · Evaluate)

35 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Engage — Ice, Water, Steam

5 min

Ice, water, and steam are all water — so why do they act so differently?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Show ice, water, steam.
  • Ask why they differ.
  • Pose the question.

🎒 Student Actions

  • See all three.
  • Wonder why.
  • Get ready.
2

Explore — Explore States

10 min

Students investigate.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Send children to Solid, Liquid, or Gas?
  • Choose each state.
  • Note the differences.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Choose them.
  • Note differences.
  • Explain them.
3

Explain — Three States

10 min

Students explain.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Explain solids.
  • Explain liquids.
  • Explain gases.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Learn solids.
  • Learn liquids.
  • Learn gases.
4

Elaborate — Changing States

8 min

Students elaborate.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Explain melting and freezing.
  • Watch ice melt.
  • Explain the change.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Explain melting.
  • Watch it melt.
  • Explain it.
5

Reflect — Reflect

5 min

Students conclude.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Name the three states.
  • Sort an object.
  • Hand out the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Name them.
  • Sort one.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards (Grade 2 / Elementary Science).

NGSS
2-PS1-1

Classify materials by their observable properties, including state.

NGSS
2-PS1-4

Construct an argument that some changes caused by heating or cooling can be reversed.

NGSS
2-PS1-2

Analyze data on materials.

NGSS
SEP-2

Developing and using models.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Solid/liquid/gas picture cards.
  • Sentence frame: “A ___ keeps its shape.”
  • Watch ice melt.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Start with solid vs. liquid.
  • Use real examples.
  • Watch a melting demo.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Explain evaporation.
  • Find the three states of water.
  • Sort many materials by state.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Screen / board
  • 🧊Ice, water, a balloon
  • 💻Solid, Liquid, or Gas?
  • 🌡️A warm spot to melt ice
  • 🖍️Crayons
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

matteranything that takes up spacesolidkeeps its own shapeliquidflows and fills a containergasspreads out to fill spacestate of mattersolid, liquid, or gasmeltto change from solid to liquidfreezeto change from liquid to solidheatto make warmer
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
QUESTION 2
Which state flows and takes the shape of its container?
A liquid.
QUESTION 3
What happens when you heat an ice cube?
It melts and becomes a liquid (water).

Growing at home? Melt and freeze.

Have families freeze water into ice and then melt it back, watching matter change between solid and liquid states. A printable states-of-matter sheet is in the Science library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

🃏 States of MatterFlip
Card 1
Term
Tap to flip →
Meaning
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Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 States of MatterQuiz
Score: 0
1 / 6
Question 1
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Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ States of MatterPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: freeze, gas, heat, liquid, matter, melt, solid, state of matter
  1. spreads out to fill space
  2. flows and fills a container
  3. keeps its own shape
  4. anything that takes up space
  5. solid, liquid, or gas
  6. to change from solid to liquid
  7. to change from liquid to solid
  8. to make warmer

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. What are the three states of matter?
  2. Which state flows and takes the shape of its container?
  3. What happens when you heat an ice cube?
Answer key — Part A: 1) gas · 2) liquid · 3) solid · 4) matter · 5) state of matter · 6) melt · 7) freeze · 8) heat
Part B: 1) Solid, liquid, and gas. 2) A liquid. 3) It melts and becomes a liquid (water).