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The Maya, Aztec & Inca

Sixth graders discover the great civilizations of the ancient Americas — the Maya, Aztec, and Inca — and their remarkable achievements in astronomy, engineering, and farming, built entirely apart from the rest of the world.

Grade 6Ancient Americas50 minutes1 class periodC3 InquiryExplicit teaching4 StandardsC3
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Lesson at a Glance

Everything you need before the bell rings

Learning Objectives

Students will be able to…

  • ✓Identify the Maya, Aztec, and Inca.
  • ✓Locate each civilization.
  • ✓Explain their achievements.
  • ✓Explain their legacy.
Essential Question

Long before Europeans arrived, great civilizations rose in the Americas — building pyramids, cities on lakes, and empires in the mountains. Who were the Maya, Aztec, and Inca, and what did they achieve?

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Lesson Phases
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Vocabulary Terms
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Standards Aligned
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Interactive Task
Match It · Interactive

Match the American Civilization

Project this and match each civilization or idea to its achievement — tap one, then tap what it did.

🏛️ Match each civilization to its achievementTry it
Civilization / Idea
Achievement
Tap one, then tap the achievement!
The Lesson · C3 Inquiry Arc (Question · Investigate · Evaluate Evidence · Communicate · Take Action)

50 minutes, five moves

Tap any phase to open the teacher moves and student actions.

1

Question — Great Empires of the Americas

5 min

Before Europeans arrived, great civilizations rose in the Americas — who were they?

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Show American ruins.
  • Ask who built them.
  • Set the inquiry.

🎒 Student Actions

  • See the ruins.
  • Wonder who.
  • Predict the idea.
2

Investigate — Explore the Civilizations

11 min

Students investigate.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Send students to Match the American Civilization.
  • Note each one.
  • Note the achievements.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Match them.
  • Note civs.
  • Note achievements.
3

Evaluate Evidence — Weigh the Evidence

12 min

Students analyze.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Explain the Maya.
  • Explain the Aztec.
  • Explain the Inca.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Explain Maya.
  • Explain Aztec.
  • Explain Inca.
4

Communicate — Make the Case

12 min

Students communicate.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Explain a great achievement.
  • Cite evidence.
  • Explain their legacy.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Explain it.
  • Cite it.
  • Explain legacy.
5

Take Action — Take Action

5 min

Students conclude.

👩‍🏫 Teacher Moves

  • Name a gift from these civilizations.
  • Explain its journey.
  • Complete the exit ticket.

🎒 Student Actions

  • Name it.
  • Explain it.
  • Complete the exit ticket.
Standards Alignment

Built to the standards you report on

Aligned to the C3 Framework for Social Studies State Standards (Ancient Civilizations / World History).

C3
D2.His.3.6-8

Use context to analyze the civilizations of the Americas.

C3
D2.Geo.4.6-8

Explain how geography shaped these civilizations.

C3
D2.His.2.6-8

Analyze their achievements and change over time.

C3
D4.6.6-8

Use reasoning to take informed action.

Differentiation

One lesson, every learner

Multilingual Learners

ELL / EMERGING READERS
  • Civilization + achievement cards.
  • Sentence frame: “The ___ built ___.”
  • Use maps and images.

Support & Access

IEP / 504
  • Start with one civilization.
  • Match one pair at a time.
  • Use pictures.

Stretch & Extend

GIFTED / EARLY FINISHERS
  • Compare the three civilizations.
  • Research Machu Picchu.
  • Explain the Maya calendar.
Materials

What to gather

  • 📽️Projector / board
  • 🗺️Maps of the Americas
  • 💻Match the American Civilization
  • 🏺Artifact images
  • ✏️Pencils
  • 🎫Exit-ticket slips
Vocabulary

Key terms — hover for a quick definition

Mayaa civilization of Central AmericaAzteca civilization of central MexicoIncaan empire of the Andes MountainsTenochtitlanthe Aztec capital cityterrace farmingfarming on carved mountain stepsempiremany peoples under one rulermaizecorn, a key American cropastronomythe study of the stars and sky
Evaluate

Exit Ticket

Preview the three formative checks. Tap “Sample answer” to see what mastery looks like — hide them before you print for students.

QUESTION 1
Where did the Inca build their empire?
In the Andes Mountains of South America.
QUESTION 2
What was Tenochtitlan?
The Aztec capital, built on an island in a lake (now Mexico City).
QUESTION 3
Name one food first grown by these American civilizations.
Maize (corn) or chocolate (cacao).

Take action: a global gift.

Have students trace how a food like chocolate or corn, first grown in the ancient Americas, spread to become popular around the world. A printable ancient-Americas sheet is in the Social Studies library.

Study · Flashcards

Study the key terms

Tap a card to flip it, then rate whether you knew it. Built from this lesson’s vocabulary.

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Practice · Quiz

Check your understanding

A quick self-check with instant feedback, drawn from this lesson’s key terms.

📝 The Maya, Aztec & IncaQuiz
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Practice · Worksheet

Printable worksheet

A print-and-go review sheet with a built-in answer key. Tap “Show answer key” to reveal answers, or print the clean version for students.

🖨️ The Maya, Aztec & IncaPrint
Name: ________________________
Date: ____________

Part A · Write the word that matches each meaning

Word bank: astronomy, Aztec, empire, Inca, maize, Maya, Tenochtitlan, terrace farming
  1. an empire of the Andes Mountains
  2. the Aztec capital city
  3. corn, a key American crop
  4. a civilization of Central America
  5. farming on carved mountain steps
  6. a civilization of central Mexico
  7. the study of the stars and sky
  8. many peoples under one ruler

Part B · Show what you learned

  1. Where did the Inca build their empire?
  2. What was Tenochtitlan?
  3. Name one food first grown by these American civilizations.
Answer key — Part A: 1) Inca · 2) Tenochtitlan · 3) maize · 4) Maya · 5) terrace farming · 6) Aztec · 7) astronomy · 8) empire
Part B: 1) In the Andes Mountains of South America. 2) The Aztec capital, built on an island in a lake (now Mexico City). 3) Maize (corn) or chocolate (cacao).